A city built mostly in two decades
O'Fallon expanded dramatically between roughly 1990 and 2008, which means an unusual share of the housing stock is now in the twenty-to-thirty-five-year window when original drainage installations start to fail. Buried downspout extensions crack or clog, the first-generation sump pump reaches the end of its life, and landscaping added over three decades has quietly reversed the grade around the house.
The soils are the expansive clays typical of St. Charles County. They do not cause problems on their own — they cause problems when moisture content around the footing swings widely. Anything that concentrates water at one corner of the house, or that dries one side while the other stays wet, produces differential movement.

